Poursuite d'étude après un IUT STID : l'exemple du Cursus de Master en Ingénierie Statistique et Informatique Décisionnelle de Toulouse

National audienceAfter obtaining their DUT, many students of IUT STID wish to continue their studies to obtain a Master, which gives them the opportunity to work as an expert engineer or as a project manager. A high specificity of data science is its joint aspect: it requires mastery of concepts and tools in computer science (databases, Business Intelligence) as well as in mathematics (statistics and stochastic modeling). The SID training at Paul Sabatier University offers, for a dozen years, a continued study program consistent with this dual skill. Previously professionalized university institute, it became this year a Master of Engineering. While maintaining a strong industrial component, it opens to the research training and continues to prepare for careers as engineers in all their dimensions, while relying heavily on real-life professional situations. We present here briefly the coordination between the IUT and the master regarding statistics, as well as its past and future. We return on the assets offered by the transition from the IUT to SID, as well as the specific difficulties they encounter.Après obtention de leur DUT, de nombreux étudiants des IUT STID souhaitent poursuivre leurs études pour obtenir un Master qui leur donne la possibilité de travailler comme ingénieur-expert ou chef de projet. Une spécificité forte de la science des données est son aspect bi-disciplinaire : elle nécessite la maîtrise de concepts et d'outils tant informatiques (bases de données et informatique décisionnelle) que mathématiques (statistique et modélisation stochastique). La formation SID de l'Université Paul Sabatier offre, depuis une douzaine d'années, une filière de poursuite d'étude cohérente qui respecte cette double compétence. Anciennement Institut Universitaire Professionnalisé, elle est devenue cette année un Cursus de Master en Ingénierie. Tout en conservant une forte composante industrielle, elle s'ouvre ainsi à la formation par la recherche et continue à préparer aux métiers d'ingénieurs dans toutes leurs dimensions, en s'appuyant fortement sur les activités de mise en situation. Nous présentons ici brièvement l'articulation entre l'IUT et le master pour l'{ensei\-gne\-ment} de la statistique, ainsi que son évolution passée et à venir. Nous revenons sur les atouts que leur passage en IUT donne aux étudiants, ainsi que les difficultés spécifiques qu'ils rencontrent

Analysis of biomedical and health queries: Lessons learned from TREC and CLEF evaluation benchmarks

International audienceBACKGROUND:Inherited ichthyoses represent a group of rare skin disorders characterized by scaling, hyperkeratosis and inconstant erythema, involving most of the tegument. Epidemiology remains poorly described. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of inherited ichthyosis (excluding very mild forms) and its different clinical forms in France.METHODS:Capture - recapture method was used for this study. According to statistical requirements, 3 different lists (reference/competence centres, French association of patients with ichthyosis and internet network) were used to record such patients. The study was conducted in 5 areas during a closed period.RESULTS:The prevalence was estimated at 13.3 per million people (/M) (CI95\%, [10.9 - 17.6]). With regard to autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, the prevalence was estimated at 7/M (CI 95\% [5.7 - 9.2]), with a prevalence of lamellar ichthyosis and congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma of 4.5/M (CI 95\% [3.7 - 5.9]) and 1.9/M (CI 95\% [1.6 - 2.6]), respectively. Prevalence of keratinopathic forms was estimated at 1.1/M (CI 95\% [0.9 - 1.5]). Prevalence of syndromic forms (all clinical forms together) was estimated at 1.9/M (CI 95\% [1.6 - 2.6]).CONCLUSIONS:Our results constitute a crucial basis to properly size the necessary health measures that are required to improve patient care and design further clinical studies

Characterizing Health-Related Information Needs of Domain Experts (regular paper)

International audienceIn information retrieval literature, understanding the users' intents behind the queries is critically important to gain a better insight of how to select relevant results. While many studies investigated how users in general carry out exploratory health searches in digital environments, a few focused on how are the queries formulated, specifically by domain expert users. This study intends to fill this gap by studying 173 health expert queries issued from 3 medical information retrieval tasks within 2 different evaluation compaigns. A statistical analysis has been carried out to study both variation and correlation of health-query attributes such as length, clarity and specificity of either clinical or non clinical queries. The knowledge gained from the study has an immediate impact on the design of future health information seeking systems

Analyse exploratoire des requêtes d'experts médicaux : cas des campagnes d'évaluation TREC et CLEF (regular paper)

International audienceDans ce papier, nous nous intéressons à l'analyse des besoins en information exprimés par des experts médicaux dans l'objectif de les caractériser puis mesurer l'impact de leur structure sur les résultats de recherche. À cet, effet, nous menons une étude exploratoire basée sur des analyses statistiques multidimensionnelles sur des collections de requêtes issues de campagnes d'évaluation internationales standards en l'occurrence TREC et CLEF. Notre étude révèle des variabilités significatives à la fois dans la morphologie des requêtes, que des besoins et des performances, que nous interprétons sur la base des objectifs et spécificités des tâches médicales associées. Les résultats de cette étude ont un impact sur la conception de systèmes de recherche d'information médicaux

Incidence and Risk Factors of First-Line HAART Discontinuation: Is it Worth Choosing Competing Risk or Standard Survival Approaches?

International audienceObjectives: To estimate the incidences of first-line HAART discontinuation (for intolerance, treatment failure or treatment simplification) and their risk factors by standard survival (1-KM, Cox model) or competing risk approach (CIF, Fine-Gray model) in HIV infected patients. Methods: We studied 1136 patients receiving first-line Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapies (HAART), aged over 18 years, from the Dat'AIDS cohort, Toulouse, France, between January 2000 and June 2008. Cumulative incidence was estimated with 1-KM and CIF estimators and risk factors with Cox and Fine-Gray models. Results: There were 265 discontinuations for intolerance, 136 simplifications, 101 treatment failure and 274 other reasons. One year incidences were 19.0% versus 16.8%, 8.0% versus 6.0%, 6.3% versus 4.8% and 20.0% versus 17.3%, with the estimators 1-KM and CIF, respectively. For intolerance, both models identified similar risk factors. For risk factors of simplification or treatment failure, results differed by the model. Conclusions: As expected, the 1-KM overestimates the incidence of treatment discontinuation. For early and frequent events such as intolerance, the Cox and the Fine-Gray models appear to give similar results. For late and rare events, potentially exposed to competing risk, results differed. The common or specific nature of a factor may also play a role

Prevalence of inherited ichthyosis in France: a study using capture-recapture method

International audienceBACKGROUND:Inherited ichthyoses represent a group of rare skin disorders characterized by scaling, hyperkeratosis and inconstant erythema, involving most of the tegument. Epidemiology remains poorly described. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of inherited ichthyosis (excluding very mild forms) and its different clinical forms in France.METHODS:Capture - recapture method was used for this study. According to statistical requirements, 3 different lists (reference/competence centres, French association of patients with ichthyosis and internet network) were used to record such patients. The study was conducted in 5 areas during a closed period.RESULTS:The prevalence was estimated at 13.3 per million people (/M) (CI95%, [10.9 - 17.6]). With regard to autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, the prevalence was estimated at 7/M (CI 95% [5.7 - 9.2]), with a prevalence of lamellar ichthyosis and congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma of 4.5/M (CI 95% [3.7 - 5.9]) and 1.9/M (CI 95% [1.6 - 2.6]), respectively. Prevalence of keratinopathic forms was estimated at 1.1/M (CI 95% [0.9 - 1.5]). Prevalence of syndromic forms (all clinical forms together) was estimated at 1.9/M (CI 95% [1.6 - 2.6]).CONCLUSIONS:Our results constitute a crucial basis to properly size the necessary health measures that are required to improve patient care and design further clinical studies

On the impact of domain expertise on query formulation, relevance assessment and retrieval performance in clinical settings

International audienceThe large volumes of medical information available on the web may provideanswers for a wide range of users attempting to solve health-related problems.While experts generally utilize reliable resources for diagnosis searchand professional development, novices utilize dierent (social) web resourcesto obtain information that helps them manage their health or the health ofpeople who they care for. A diverse number of related search topics addressclinical diagnosis, advice searching, information sharing, connecting with experts,etc. This article focuses on the extent to which expertise can impactclinical query formulation, document relevance assessment and retrieval performancein the context of tailoring retrieval models and systems to expertsvs. non-experts. The results show that medical domain expertise 1) plays animportant role in the lexical representations of information needs; 2) significantlyinfuences the perception of relevance even among users with similarlevels of expertise and 3) reinforces the idea that a single ground truth doesn'texist, thereby leading to the variability of system rankings with respect to thelevel of user's expertise. The findings of this study presents opportunities forthe design of personalized health-related IR systems, but also for providinginsights about the evaluation of such systems

Poursuite d'étude après un IUT STID : l'exemple du Cursus de Master en Ingénierie Statistique et Informatique Décisionnelle de Toulouse

National audienceAfter obtaining their DUT, many students of IUT STID wish to continue their studies to obtain a Master, which gives them the opportunity to work as an expert engineer or as a project manager. A high specificity of data science is its joint aspect: it requires mastery of concepts and tools in computer science (databases, Business Intelligence) as well as in mathematics (statistics and stochastic modeling). The SID training at Paul Sabatier University offers, for a dozen years, a continued study program consistent with this dual skill. Previously professionalized university institute, it became this year a Master of Engineering. While maintaining a strong industrial component, it opens to the research training and continues to prepare for careers as engineers in all their dimensions, while relying heavily on real-life professional situations. We present here briefly the coordination between the IUT and the master regarding statistics, as well as its past and future. We return on the assets offered by the transition from the IUT to SID, as well as the specific difficulties they encounter.Après obtention de leur DUT, de nombreux étudiants des IUT STID souhaitent poursuivre leurs études pour obtenir un Master qui leur donne la possibilité de travailler comme ingénieur-expert ou chef de projet. Une spécificité forte de la science des données est son aspect bi-disciplinaire : elle nécessite la maîtrise de concepts et d'outils tant informatiques (bases de données et informatique décisionnelle) que mathématiques (statistique et modélisation stochastique). La formation SID de l'Université Paul Sabatier offre, depuis une douzaine d'années, une filière de poursuite d'étude cohérente qui respecte cette double compétence. Anciennement Institut Universitaire Professionnalisé, elle est devenue cette année un Cursus de Master en Ingénierie. Tout en conservant une forte composante industrielle, elle s'ouvre ainsi à la formation par la recherche et continue à préparer aux métiers d'ingénieurs dans toutes leurs dimensions, en s'appuyant fortement sur les activités de mise en situation. Nous présentons ici brièvement l'articulation entre l'IUT et le master pour l'{ensei\-gne\-ment} de la statistique, ainsi que son évolution passée et à venir. Nous revenons sur les atouts que leur passage en IUT donne aux étudiants, ainsi que les difficultés spécifiques qu'ils rencontrent

Characterizing Health-Related Information Needs of Domain Experts

International audienceIn information retrieval literature, understanding the users’ intents behind the queries is critically important to gain a better insight of how to select relevant results. While many studies investigated how users in general carry out exploratory health searches in digital environments, a few focused on how are the queries formulated, specifically by domain expert users. This study intends to fill this gap by studying 173 health expert queries issued from 3 medical information retrieval tasks within 2 different evaluation compaigns. A statistical analysis has been carried out to study both variation and correlation of health-query attributes such as length, clarity and specificity of either clinical or non clinical queries. The knowledge gained from the study has an immediate impact on the design of future health information seeking systems

First record of the non-indigenous species Neomysis americana (Crustacea: Mysidacea) in the Seine estuary (Normandy, France)

The mysid Neomysis americana (S.I. Smith, 1873), native from the East coast of North America, was recorded for the first time in European waters in The Netherlands 8 years ago. This species was observed for the first time on the French coast in the Seine estuary (Normandy) in 2017. As for The Netherlands, this species has probably been introduced on the French coast by shipping in ballast waters.Le mysidacé Neomysis americana (S.I. Smith, 1873), espèce originaire de la côte est d’Amérique du Nord, a été signalé pour la première fois dans les eaux européennes aux Pays-Bas il y a 8 ans. Cette espèce a été observée pour la première fois sur les côtes françaises dans l’estuaire de la Seine (Normandie) en 2017. Comme pour les Pays-Bas, cette espèce a probablement été introduite sur la côte française avec le transport maritime dans des eaux de ballast